Sample By My Essay Writer :
Final Examination
1) Explain the difference between situational ethics and relativism
Situational Ethics involves making decisions basing upon a particular situation of a circumstance. It is not a fixed law. This means that in situation ethics, judging what is right and what is wrong mostly depends on the situation at hand. So there are no universal guiding rules and regulations that govern the moral rules or rights. On the other hand, relativism is a position whereby all views are valid equally hence an individual has the right to determine what is true what is not.
2. Define discretion; give examples of discretion and discuss ethical and unethical criteria for the use of discretion.
Discretion is the ability of a person to make his judgment and act according to his choice. For instance, the police have a discretion right to arrest someone or not that they think is involved in a particular crime. They make the decision as to whether the victim should be taken to court or not. Ethical criteria for the use of discretion are acting and judging in the right manner that is right. For instance, a police officer finds his friend in a crime scene. It is their duty to arrest all suspects so arrest him for questioning that is making an ethical discretion. On the other hand, unethical discretion is whereby knowing what should be done but chooses other ways that are not morally acceptable. For example, in the case of a police officer and his friend, the police lets the friend to run away and covers his tracks.
4. Certain types of police lying/deception are an accepted part of police work. These lies are broken down into three categories. List and explain those types.
Undercover police lies and segregates themselves from the police, this is to enable them to get solid evidence that can be used against their targets. The police lie they are not with police hence they spy on what they are investigating. They do so because they can not get the information they need if they are known to be police. More so in the interrogation rooms, the police lies to their victims in order to get information on a case that they are following up. For instance, they can promise immunity to a particular convict. Lastly pretextual searches and seizures as the police need to obtain information.
5. Aristotle said, “A problem of ethics exists when the virtue of loyalty conflicts with the virtue of truth-telling”. Explain what he meant by this statement.
Aristotle meant that a loyal person cannot betray his loyalty to a friend or family member and tell the truth. Loyalty is an enemy of ethics. Because if a person is loyal to his country, for instance the police when they are given the command of shoot to kill, they are loyal to their leader yet they know killing is wrong.
